nikegurl

is olive oil as good as flax? i need to mix something with my tuna (no more cottage cheese allowed on the diet). would it be better to get flax? i have some olive oil at home already and never tried flax but i'm thinking it's better.....


will it taste nasy? i'll do it anyway but was wondering if tuna w/flax is hard to stand.

w8lifter

Ick....flax for your shakes & salad...olive oil for your tuna, lol...that's what I do anyway...tuna tastes bad enough w/o adding flax to the mix! Flax is the better oil though so make sure you're getting some of that at some point in the day.

rks1969

w8, have you experienced the "flat"feeling from not having carbs?I ask this because I have a hairshow & awards dinner April 7 & wondered if I should try to carb up a little to look a little fuller.I want to look good when I'm on stage for the trophies & checks.
So far I've lost about 10lbs & 3-4 inches off my waist,but I still move fairly heavy weight in the gym.Haven't lost any power, yet.
What effects do I have to look forward to since you're further along w/ this diet??

YOU CAN SPEND YOUR TIME ANY WAY YOU WANT ,BUT YOU CAN SPEND IT ONLY ONCE.
MAKE IT WORTH IT!!!!!!

Dr. Pain

Maybe I can help here! The flatness comes mostly from storing less glycogen in both the kiver and the muscles! When you store glycogen, each gram is stored with 3.7 grams of water, conversely, you store less water when deplete!

THIS GOES WITH THE TERRITORY!

Now, if you have been doing periodic carb-ups as in zig-zag cutting, you would notice that somewhere between hours and the next day (if you carb at night), you get fuller, pumped and more definition if you are lean! The trick is not to take water with these carbs, the body then draws water from underneath the skin into the muscles enhancing the effect!

You have enogh time before your show to experiment with this! There are several tricks including water, sodium, and potassium manipulation; a) gradual carb-up were you may get 30 grams of slow carbs with each of the previous day's or day and a halfs meals, b) 3 nights out, 100% carb-up, 2 nights out 50%, night before, 25%, c) 3 meals gradually increasing carbs, etc! Also, the day of has some tricks also, honey at 15 minute intervals, some use dry cereal, snickers bars (family size), etc!

w8 can explain water manipulation to you, since it is a "Hair Show", I wouldn't worry about sodium loading and depleting or potassium loading! An herbal diuretic a few days out can help with excess water!


FC

w8lifter

Thanks FC! Better answer than I could have given

rks1969

Thanks for the info. I know,I know......it may sound funny trying to use bodybuilding tricks for a hairshow,but it feels really good to stand out among everyone else.
I've gotten alot of great tips from this site.I really appreciate the help.

YOU CAN SPEND YOUR TIME ANY WAY YOU WANT ,BUT YOU CAN SPEND IT ONLY ONCE.
MAKE IT WORTH IT!!!!!!

w8lifter

Not funny at all! They work...why not use them to your advantage on special occasions....kick ass

Dr. Pain

BB tricks are good for everyone, especially insulin resistance cutting techniques! What I tell
people is that:

"You don't have to be a high perfermance race car to benefit from fuel injection!"

FC

cytrix

W8LIFTER, DOES THIS DIET WORK BETTER IF YOU TAKE THE SUPPLEMENTS BY BEVERLY, AS DESCRIBED IN THEIR ARTICLE? WHAT IS YOUR EXPERIENCE?

w8lifter

Well, FC called me the anti-supps lady the other day...works fine for me w/o them. FC can give you more info on the necessity of the supps

Dr. Pain

Not in the context of this post!

A good example would be the using liver and aminos, ( there are 5 grades of liver, from good to garbage), but had I used them with w8, she would have become harder, faster, and possibly even a little fuller!

w8 did an excellent job preserving LBM (lean Body mass), supplements are just that, supplemental!

Beverly's Liver has , Bs, B-12 which you might say motivates appetite and metabolism, iron (careful) and about 2 grams of concentrated protein per tablet!

Here is a cool study!

The Anti-Fatigue Value of Liver

The test conducted by Dr. B. H. Ershoff in 1951 on the value of liver in combating fatigue is now a classic study in the necessity of liver for the athlete. Dr. Ershoff was testing for an anti-fatigue diet in his laboratory. He used three groups of rats on three different diets which he fed for 12 weeks. The first group ate a laboratory diet to which he added nine synthetic and two natural vitamins. The second group of rats had this same diet plus all the B-Complex Vitamins. The third group ate the original diet with 10% desiccated liver added instead of the B-Vitamins. Each rat was placed in a drum of water from which he could not climb out. He had to keep swimming or drown so it was a genuine test of endurance as the motivation was of the highest order.
The first group swam for an average of 13.3 minutes before they gave up and indicated positively that they had no energy left. The second group swam for an average of 13.4 minutes before drowning. In the third group, the desiccated liver group, three were able to swim for 63, 83, and 87 minutes before retiring while the remainder of the group were still swimming vigorously at the end of two hours. The message is clear enough for the most "Doubting Thomas."

From page 133 of:


"The Strongest Shall Survive . . . Strength Training for Football"
by Bill Starr, B.S., M.S.
(Fifth Printing, Revised First edition, 1999)
--------------------------------------------------------------


As for aminos, there are many ways to use them! Before and/or after a W/O, or with each meal or both! The analogy I would like to use courtesy of Roger at Beverly is:

Think of the word STOP as your protein you are ingesting. Sometimes when you eat, you may have 12 letters S, 18 Ts, 1 "O", and 45 Ps! How many times can you spell the word STOP! (This example would be especially true of soy, which I do not recomend) So we add aminos to each meal to get a more complete amino peptide flood of nutrients! Simple as that, better protein complexes, hopefully better muscle tissue regeneration and resynthesis!


FC

cytrix

W8, WHAT DO U THINK ABOUT USING ALA DURING CARB UP AND L-CARNITINE DURING THE LOW CARB DAYS? (BEVERLY'S LEAN OUT IS A CARNITINE SUPPLEMENT, NOT A THERMOGENIC FATBURNER)

Dr. Pain

Excuse me, maybe it should say w8 or anyone who knows!

DP

w8lifter

Yes it should....FYI people....w8 knows nothing about supps!

Please share DP

Dr. Pain

Why, just because I own a supplement store and have been consulting for the industry for years?

OK, then:

Alpha Lipoc Acid functions as a universal antioxidant and free radical scavenger. It recycles both fat- and water-soluble vitamins. It improves sugar metabolism and increases muscular energy. As part of the glycolytic pathway, alpha lipoic acid both stimulates insulin activity and reduces insulin resistance. It has been shown to enhance the burning of glucose in obese laboratory animals in a way that is comparable to, but independent of, isnulin. One study of adult diabetic patients showed that alpha lipoic acid inceased the cellular uptake and oxidation (burning) of glucose by about 50 percent. This is important for athletes as well as for the overweight. The efficient burning of glucose is essential for the normal production of energy in the muscles, and impaired muscle-energy metabolism interferes with exertion. Similar improvements in energy metabolism have been found in the brain.

ALA, year round, chromium is a good addition too! If you use polynicatinate versus picolinate, use less (can be toxic in high doses), I will comment on a new bio-active chromium in the future!

Lean Out is a very good product, but you would find that L-Carnitine during a cut only, in the 1.5 to 3 gram range would be just as effective (seek out L-carnitine tartrate by Lonza, ie Jarrow Formulas) Cycle it 3 weeks on and three weeks off for best results! Works best before and during cardio and W/Os.

FC

w8lifter

Identity crisis Dr. Pain? lol!

cytrix

SORRY DR.PAIN AND EVERYBODY ELSE

cytrix

THANX FOR YOUR INFO, DR.PAIN, HOW MUCH ALA DURING THE CARB-UP DAYS OF THIS DIET? I SUPPOSE, YOU SHOULD TAKE IT ONLY WITH THAT ONE LAST HIGH CARB MEAL TWICW A WEEK?

Dr. Pain

Insulin sensitivity is not something you work for on a per meal basis! Ideally, 300 Mgs of time released ALA (Source Naturals or Jarrow formulas), once or twice a day is optimal!

Depending on your metabolism, even protein can be converted rapidly to sugars (serum glucose), w8 has told you about this (hepatic gluconeogensis), ALA is useful here also. Theorectically you can use it for a carb-up only, but if money is a problem , use chromium instead.

Here is an interesting article, good post by itself, that covers supps for IR:

READ THIS, IT WILL HELP YOU, YOUR PARENTS, FRIENDS, EVEN THOSE STUBORN PEOPLE THAT YOU TRY TO EXPLAIN THINGS TOO:

_______________________________________

Syndrome X - The Prediabetic Epidemic
by Jack Challem Nutrition Science News March 2001; Vol. 6 No. 3

The person with a ³fat tire² carries an unmistakable clue to his health
right around the waist: He either has or is at serious risk of developing
Syndrome X. The condition isn¹t a household word quite yet, but it¹s
getting there. An estimated 60 to 70 million Americans
four people adult-onset diabetes and coronary artery disease.

The good news is that, like many other health problems, Syndrome X can be
prevented and reversed through a combination of diet, supplementation, and
moderate physical activity.

The term Syndrome X was coined in 1988 by a Stanford University
endocrinologist, although the cluster of signs and symptoms that distinguish
it had previously been referred to as metabolic syndrome or
insulin-resistance syndrome. Originally, Syndrome X was defined by four
characteristics: (1) abdominal obesity; (2) elevated levels of
triglycerides and low levels of high-density of lipoproteins (HDL, or the
³good² cholesterol); (3) hypertension; and (4) insulin resistance. Insulin
resistance, the hallmark of adult-onset diabetes, also lies at the core of
Syndrome X. This hormone imbalance alters blood-fat ratios, raises blood
pressure, and increases fat storage.

In the past 13 years, several other signs and symptoms have been associated
with Syndrome X: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidized by free
radicals, low levels of antioxidant vitamins, elevated C-reactive protein
(C-RP, a marker of inflammation),1 low dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels,
high cortisol levels, and sometimes androgen-dependent baldness.2 The
current definition of Syndrome X is used flexibly in that some experts refer
to a combination of just two or more of the characteristics as Syndrome X.

By itself, each characteristic of Syndrome X increases the risk of diabetes
and coronary artery disease. A combination of characteristics, such as
abdominal obesity and hypertension, further increases the risk of these
conditions. Furthermore, diabetics carry an increased risk of
cardiovascular disease.3

To assess your clients¹ risk of developing Syndrome X, pose the following
key questions. Each yes answer suggests the possibility of glucose
intolerance, insulin resistance, or diabetes. The more of them, the greater
the risk.
? Do you have or are you developing a pot belly?
? Do you crave carbohydrates, or eat a lot of pasta, pizza, bread, or
cereal?
? Do you have a fasting glucose level greater than 100 mg/dL?
? Do you take medications to lower blood sugar, reduce weight, lower
blood pressure, or improve glucose sensitivity?

The Glucose/Insulin Seesaw
If elevated insulin levels are the most direct cause of Syndrome X, the
obvious questions is: What causes such a rise in insulin levels?

Although researchers are investigating genetic predispositions to insulin
resistance and Syndrome X, the major influence appears to be dietary. For
example, Native Americans and Hawaiians have a relatively high risk of
developing insulin resistance and diabetes. However, these conditions did
not occur within those cultures until they started eating foods rich in
refined sugars and carbohydrates. In contrast, people of European descent
may often take longer to develop insulin resistance, Syndrome X, and
diabetes, but they are by no means invulnerable to it: A recent study in
Diabetes Care found that the incidence of diabetes in the United States grew
by 33 percent during the 1990s, and the incidence of diabetes among people
in their 30s grew by 70 percent.4 Such enormous increases in the rate of
occurrence of any disease had been previously unheard of in medicine, making
it epidemic in proportions.

To understand the role of diet in the genesis of insulin resistance and
Syndrome X, it is essential to understand the evolution of diet. Our genes
evolved in tandem with our diet, with certain nutrients turning on or off
our genes and providing the body¹s biochemical building blocks. From 55
million to 2.5 million years ago, most of our primate ancestors ate a
high-plant diet with small amounts of meat. This diverse array of plant
foods were uncultivated, and many resembled today¹s kale or rose hips.
During the last major ice age, from 2.5 million to 10,000 years ago, meat
and fat played a much more significant role in the diet. Therefore, humans¹
evolutionary heritage is based on people gathering and hunting their foods,
a mix of vegetables, and low-fat animal protein saturated fat, and higher in omega-3 fatty acids.

About 10,000 years ago, humans began developing agriculture and, in
particular, cultivating grains. However, human teeth are not designed to
properly chew grains. To be consumed and digested, grains have to be
crushed, a process that immediately refines them and makes large amounts of
carbohydrates available for digestion.

During the past 50 years, dietary changes have accelerated, pushing us even
further from our evolutionary baseline diet. Refined carbohydratesbreads, cereals, and breakfast bars breaded and fried, merging refined grains with refined and often oxidized
oils. People did not consume pressed oils until relatively recently. In
addition, many foods also contain large amounts of varying forms of sugar,
along with partially hydrogenated oils (vegetable oils processed to have
some of the characteristics of saturated fats). These foods, even with
fortification, contain relatively few micronutrients such as vitamins,
minerals, carotenoids, and flavonoids.

Such a diet wreaks havoc on glucose and insulin levels. For example,
refined sugars and carbohydrates rapidly boost glucose levels. To reduce
high glucose levels (and to prevent kidney damage), the pancreas then
secretes large amounts of insulin, which helps transport glucose into cells
where it is burned for energy (chiefly in muscle cells) or stored as
glycogen (in the liver) or fat (in adipose cells).

Over time, elevated insulin levels overwhelm a finite number of insulin cell
receptors. As a consequence, these cells become ³resistant² (or
insensitive) to insulin, and blood levels of glucose and insulin
increasenumbers of cell-damaging free radicals, which appear to cause or exacerbate
many of the complications of diabetes such as eye and nerve diseases, and
also increase antioxidant requirements.5

A Modern Stone-Age Diet
An ³anti-X² diet proteins and non-starchy vegetables. The guiding dietary principles are
straightforward and easy for your at-risk clients to put into practice.
Among these principles are:
? Avoid refined carbohydrates such as white breads, pizzas, pastas,
cereals, candy or food bars, and sweet bakery products. Instead, emphasize
low-starch fresh vegetables, such as broccoli, cauliflower, and mixed-green
salads.
? Eat some heart-healthy protein at each meal. Such protein sources
include bison, chicken, fish, and turkey. They can judge the portion size
by what fills them comfortably. For between-meal snacks, eat some nuts.
? Eat fresh, natural foods. Fresh foods should be selected over
canned, boxed, or frozen.
? Limit intake of carbohydrate-rich foods. Even whole-grain breads
are high in carbohydrates compared to vegetables.
? Avoid soft drinks and juices because they are sources of
concentrated sugars. Avoid alcohol because it stresses the liver, an organ
crucial to blood-sugar control.
? Avoid the omega-6 fatty acids found in soy, safflower, and corn
oils; these oils are highly-refined products, and the omega-6 fatty acids
drain the body¹s vitamin E stores. Foods fried in these oils increase the
oxidation of LDL. Extra virgin olive oil is the only cooking oil your
customers need.
? Avoid foods containing trans-fatty acids and partially hydrogenated
oils, which are found in many packaged foods such as margarine, salad
dressings, and baked goods. Trans-fatty acids and partially hydrogenated
oils are refined food products that are known to increase the risk of heart
disease.6
? Increase consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, found in salmon and
mackerel, or take omega-3 fish oil supplements. These fats have
anti-inflammatory properties and reduce the risk of heart disease.7

In practice, these anti-X dietary principles are easy to follow because of
the simplicity of meal preparation. For example, breakfast might consist of
scrambled eggs with spinach. Lunch at a restaurant might be a turkey burger
minus the bun and broccoli substituted for fries. For dinner, have
customers try baked chicken (pull back the skin and sprinkle on Italian
seasoning) with steamed vegetables. A healthy beverage is sparkling mineral
water with a slice of lemon or lime.

Can such a diet be adapted to vegetarians. It is possible, though not easy.
Legumes are relatively high in carbohydrates, and a recent study found that
canned baked beans were almost as bad as jelly beans in triggering intense
glucose and insulin responses, though this likely resulted from the large
amount of sugar in canned baked beans.8 If a vegetarian develops Syndrome
X, it is a sign that he, too should adjust his diet. Any diet that makes a
person sicker instead of healthier is the wrong diet.

Supplements to Regulate Glucose and Insulin
Several dietary supplements play key roles in fine-tuning the body¹s ability
to deal with excess glucose and insulin. Supranormal dosages are often
required to offset damage caused by a history of eating refined foods.
These supplements are safe, particularly when compared with
glucose-sensitizing medications. (There is no single medication for
treating Syndrome X, and a combination of drugs for this purpose poses
serious side effects.) As these supplements improve glucose control and
insulin function, medication requirements will likely decrease.

Alpha Lipoic Acid, a sulfur-containing fatty acid found in spinach and
animal protein, has been prescribed for years in Germany to treat diabetic
nerve disease. Only recently have researchers understood its antioxidant
actions quench free radicals responsible for many diabetic complications.
It also lowers glucose levels function.9
Supplement tips: German physicians recommend 600 mg of alpha-lipoic acid
daily to treat diabetic complications. For general use as an antioxidant,
50-100 mg/day is ideal. To help correct insulin resistance and Syndrome X,
200-400 mg/day may be required.10

Vitamin E has been used by physicians since the 1940s to help prevent and
reverse heart disease. During the past five years, medical acceptance of
vitamin E supplements has grown substantially. A British study of 2,000
subjects with carefully diagnosed heart disease found that people taking
400-800 IU natural vitamin E daily for an average of 18 months had a 77
percent lower prevalence of heart attacks, compared with people taking
placebos.11
Supplement tips: Recent studies have shown that natural vitamin E
(identified as ³d-alpha² on the label) raises blood levels of the vitamin
twice as high as the synthetic form (indicated by ³dl-alpha²).12 An ideal
dose may be 400 IU daily.

Vitamin C and glucose are similar chemically, and researchers have long
believed the two compounds compete with each other. Increasing vitamin C
intake seems to edge out of some of the glucose or improve its disposal,
perhaps by encouraging cells to burn more of it. Some research has found
that 2,000 mg/day vitamin C daily lowers both glucose and glycosylated
hemoglobin levels, the latter a standard marker of diabetic control.13
Supplement tips: Vitamin C is easily absorbed, and a combination of the
vitamin with some type of flavonoid (e.g., pine bark extract, grape seed
extract, or citrus bioflavonoids) may enhance the benefits of vitamin C in
preventing insulin resistance.14 A daily dosage of 1,000-2,000 mg/day
vitamin C may be helpful, along with 25-500 mg/day of flavonoids.

Chromium plays a key role in enhancing insulin function, which leads to more
efficient glucose metabolism. In a study of Chinese adult-onset diabetics,
200 mcg chromium picolinate daily led to improvements in fasting glucose and
postprandial insulin levels after four months. However, subjects taking
1,000 mcg daily also had ³spectacular² decreases in glucose and insulin
levels to near-normals levels.15
Supplement tips: It¹s often difficult to discern which chromium supplement
is best. However, more research has been published on chromium picolinate
than on other common supplemental forms of the nutrient. A daily dosage
between 500-1,000 mcg should help reduce blood-sugar levels.

Silymarin is an antioxidant extract of the herb milk thistle (Silybum
marianum). It has been shown to reduce all of the major indicators of
diabetes, including blood sugar, insulin, glycosuria, and glycosylated
hemoglobin.16 Researchers achieved these results with 800 mg daily of a
standardized silymarin extract given for one year. The benefits appeared
consistently after about 60 days, and all diabetic signs improved further
over the course of a year. However, lower doses are probably sufficient in
combination with other supplements.
Supplement tips: With other supplements, 200-400 mg/day of a standardized
extract of silymarin should help maintain normal glucose levels.

Take the Extra Step
Eating foods that normalize glucose and insulin function and taking
supplements that fine-tune metabolism are crucial steps in preventing and
reversing Syndrome X. However, taking a third step
physical activity
glucose. Several studies show that simply going for a daily walk improves
glucose and insulin function. Walking and many other physical activities,
such as dancing, can be fun as well as therapeutic.

The major risk factor for Syndrome X visually. A blood-pressure cuff can identify hypertension, a second
characteristic of Syndrome X. Another major clue is the medications a
person takes, such as those that lower blood pressure, reduce cholesterol,
or lower blood sugar. Yet none of these mediations actually addresses the
underlying cause of Syndrome X. Only a revamped diet, supplements, and
moderate physical activity can prevent and reverse Syndrome X.

References
1. Festa A, et al. Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the
insulin resistance syndrome. The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study
(IRAS). Circulation 2000;102:42-7.
2. Matilainen V, et al. Early androgenic alopecia as a marker of insulin
resistance. Lancet 2000;356:1165-6.
3. Vidt DG. Good news for the older patient with diabetes: added
cardiovascular risk reduction. Curr Hypertens Rep 1999 Oct;1(5):379-80.
4. Mokdad AH, et al. Diabetes trends in the U.S.: 1990-1998. Diabetes
Care 2000;23:1278-83.
5. Mohanty P, et al. Glucose challenge stimulates reactive oxygen
species (ROS) generated by leucocytes. J Clin Eondocrinol Metab
2000;85:2970-3.
6. Ascherio A, Willet WC. Health effects of trans fatty acids. Am J
Clin Nutr 1997;66(suppl):1006S-10S.
7. Oomen CM, et al. Fish consumption and coronary heart disease
mortality in Finland, Italy, and the Netherlands. Am J Epidemiology
2000:151:999-1006.
8. Holt SH, et al. An insulin index of foods: the insulin demand
generated by 1000+kJ portions of common foods. Am J Clin Nutr
1997-66:1264-76.
9. Jacob S, et al. The radical scavenger a-lipoic acid enhances insulin
sensitivity in patients with NIDDM: a placebo-controlled trials. Presented
at Oxidants and Antioxidants in Biology, Santa Barbara, Calif., 1997 Feb
26-Mar 1.

DP

vball

I'm new here. thanks for the info... you guys answered more than a few questions..

Mike

kdwa1

Thanks for the excellent info everyone.w8s lead was very clear.Gotta stay focused to do it right,

Live Well- Live Long- Keep Rockin

razorblade

Hi,I'm new to your site and I am interested in making creatine more efficient on a lo-carb diet. I've read that hi dosages of arginine can induce a insulin spike. Is there any truth to this?

It's the quiet ones you gotta watch!

Dr. Pain

Sounds like propaganda from MHP (TRAC)

If low carbs are a must first try:

Take with water, one out of three people will not get decent results. (I have sold tons and tons, seriously, so I have empirical results on this)....or

Gen Creavescent or ISS Creatine Fizz offer lower carb advantages, 14 C and 12 C respectively, and perhaps better absorbtion!

Least resort:

Take with your PWS. There is a lot of controversy doing this, but you are left with no other alternatives.


DP

dgl

Is the carb load day recommended for those who need to lose considerable weight? I need to lose approx. 100lbs but want to retain as much lean mass as possible through the process. I do cardio daily and am getting back into a lifting routine. I plan to keep my calories in the 1200 to 1500 range, with as much protein as possible along with several vitimins/mins + faxseed, etc. I want to lose as quickly as possible with over doing it. So far I have been able to maintain a 4-5 lb loss per week. I know the weight lifting is important because I do not want soft and loose when this is over. I am new to this board and find it extremely helpful in sorting through the ton of information and bull. It's been too many wasted years since I have lifted seriously. No time like the present.

w8lifter

Excellent! Congrats on not wasting any more time! You're right....no time like the present.

If you'd like, we can help you lose weight in the fastest, healthiest way....why don't you make your own thread w/ your stats and current diet, along w/ your w/o&cardio routine so we can help. At 1500 calories, you may be loosing weight rapidly, but it's likely not healthy.

Welcome to IM

LrdViperScrpion

Is there anything one can replace the oats in the carb-up with if they are trying to avoid gluten?

w8lifter

Um...brown rice...but I don't know if that has gluten in it lol

Buster840

W8, one more question!
You said in your original post on this thread

Quote: "Carbohydrate load every 3rd then 4th day."

The normal Carb day I take in no more then 75 g
How many should I take in on a Carb Loading day?

BobbyTN
A rookie @ 46

w8lifter

The Carb Ups Thread (Carb-ups!!!!) will tell you everything you need to know ...(also located in the Best Nutritional Threads sticky... Generally, your carb up is in meal 6 and consists of oats, sweet potato, veggies, banana and peanut butter or butter.

KarlW

I often read that when you lower your carbs you can make up for the calorie defecit with fats (assuming you are still in a calorie defecit). Is eating these calories in the form of fat rather than carbs going to result in easier BF loss ? . Is this due to the way the body utilises these nutrients ?