The incline bench press targets the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major muscle. The clavicular head of the pectoralis major develops the most during incline press work. The clavicular attachment is the upper chest. The sternal attachment is the lower chest.
Anatomy of the Pectoralis Major
The clavicular portion of the pectoralis muscle originates on the anterior medial side of the clavicle. The insertion of this muscle is on the anterior humerus. The sternal attachment originates on the anterior sternum and on the 2nd and 6th ribs and inserts on the upper anterior portion of the humerus.
Function of the Pectoralis Major (Clavicular)
The primary movements of the upper chest are transverse flexion, transverse adduction, internal rotation, adduction, flexion and abduction.
Hand Spacing
A 1995 study published in the "Journal of Strength of Conditioning Research" looked at the effects of bench press exercises on the five shoulder muscle groups. The researchers concluded that the clavicular head is activated with a narrow hand spacing during an incline press. Within the same study, the researchers also found the incline press stimulated a higher motor unit recruitment in the upper chest but not in the lower chest.
Types of Incline Bench Press
Two of the most common incline bench press exercises are barbells and dumbbells. Other types of incline machines often seen at gyms are incline cable, Smith machine with incline bench, and lever-loaded incline press.
Considerations
A decline bench press with a wide grip engages overall pectoral muscles more effectively than incline and flat bench.



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