Thread: what is hypertrophy?

http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=hypertrophy

thanks man

Np <(^_^)>

i messed up on thread name i meant what is muscle endurance?

Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy, an increase in mass or girth, of a muscle can be induced by a number of stimuli. The most familiar of these is exercise. What happens to a muscle undergoing an exercise program?

Neural Response

The first measurable effect is an increase in the neural drive stimulating muscle contraction. Within just a few days, an untrained individual can achieve measurable strength gains resulting from "learning" to use the muscle.

Genetic Response

As the muscle continues to receive increased demands, the synthetic machinery is upregulated. Although all the steps are not yet clear, this upregulation appears to begin with the ubiquitous second messenger system (including phospholipases, protein kinase C, tyrosine kinase, and others). These, in turn, activate the family of immediate-early genes, including c-fos, c-jun and myc. These genes appear to dictate the contractile protein gene response.

Protein Synthesis

Finally, the message filters down to alter the pattern of protein expression. It can take as long as two months for actual hypertrophy to begin. The additional contractile proteins appear to be incorporated into existing myofibrils (the chains of sarcomeres within a muscle cell). There appears to be some limit to how large a myofibril can become: at some point, they split. These events appear to occur within each muscle fiber. That is, hypertrophy results primarily from the growth of each muscle cell, rather than an increase in the number of cells.

Hypertrophy is the increase of the size of an organ. It should be distinguished from hyperplasia which occurs due to cell division; hypertrophy occurs due to an increase in cell size rather than division. It is most commonly seen in muscle that has been actively stimulated, the most well-known method being exercise.

Hypertrophy is only desirable when it occurs in the skeletal muscles. This is most effectively done by undertaking resistance training, though it can also occur during other high anaerobic exercises such as interval training, rowing, cycling and sprinting.

For hypertrophy to occur in the skeletal muscles, the muscle must be directly stimulated as discussed above. Also a diet in which there is a caloric surplus and abundant in protein is required in conjunction with regular rest (8-10 hours per night). Though protein is an integral part of attaining muscular hypertrophy, it should not be overdone as it can put the kidneys under increased stress as it has to process more urea. Also you should consult with your physician before undertaking any exercise routine.

A HANDMADE ROBOTIC TROPHY THAT CAN MOVE AT A VERY QUICK RATE