Periodization is breaking your training into periods/phases to promote growth, recovery and injury prevention.
Periodization can be linear, non linear or reverse linear.
Classic linear
Ph. 1 hypertrophy
Ph. 2 Strength/power
Ph. 3 Peak
Ph. 4 Recovery
Hypertrophy would be high sets/reps, short rest, low load, high- moderate volume.
Strength/power would be moderate/low sets/reps, moderate rest, moderate load/volume.
Peak would be low reps/sets, long rest, very high load, low volume.
Recovery would be moderate reps/sets/rest and low load/volume.
These periods, taken together would equal 1 meso cycle. Your meso cycles can be of any reasonable length (ex. 3 months) and are repeated throughout the year equaling a macrocycle.
Non linear
Mon. 12-15 reps 3 sets
Teu. 8-12 reps 4 sets
Thu. 4-6 reps 2 sets
Fri 1 set 3RM of multijoint movements.
Reverse linear
Self explanatory.
Hope this helps.