2 major movements of the body is to push and pull.
To push is to move something away from you or your centre of gravity.
To pull is to move something towards you or your COG.
Upper body pushing primarily uses the chest and triceps muscles while pulling uses the back and biceps muscles (among others).
Lower body pushing primarily uses the quadriceps muscles while pulling uses the hamstrings (leg biceps etc).
Pushing exercises: bench press, tricep extensions, shoulder press, squats
Pulling exercises: deadlift, rows, pull ups, leg curls.
that's a brief description, hope it's what your'e after.